Article
The distinctive psychopathology of NMDAR-antibody encephalitis compared with primary psychoses: an international, multicentre, retrospective phenotypic analysis.
The lancet. Psychiatry - 1 Jan 2026
Al-Diwani Adam, Theorell Jakob, Zghoul Tarek, Voruganti Aniruddha, Townsend Leigh, De Giorgi Riccardo, Griffin Benjamin, Bajorek Tomasz, Okai David, Lennox Belinda, Leite M Isabel, Kim Carla Y, Coughlin Arielle, Martin Kelsey, Glassberg Brittany, Lachner Christian, Westerbeek Nicola, Bergink Veerle, Thakur Kiran T, Yeshokumar Anusha K, Prüss Harald, Day Gregory S, Finke Carsten, Handel Adam E, Manohar Sanjay G, Joyce Dan W, Irani Sarosh R
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-antibody encephalitis is a life-threatening neuropsychiatric disorder requiring prompt immunotherapy. The earliest features are mental-state changes, often mistaken for primary psychosis. Improved clinical differentiation could assist rational diagnostic investigation and expedite immunotherapy. Inspired by patients' and relatives' lived experience, we aimed to...
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