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Article

Genetic diversity, codon usage, and evolutionary dynamics of bovine parainfluenza virus type-3.

The Journal of veterinary medical science - 16 Jan 2026

Bi Jiayu, Li Kai, Ma Qingxia, Ren Yunxin, Yuan Ziqing, Li Jinxiang, Xie Changzhan

Abstract excerpt

Bovine respiratory disease syndrome, primarily caused by bovine parainfluenza virus type-3 (BPIV-3), is characterized by a high incidence in calves. However, despite its significant clinical importance, the codon usage patterns and evolutionary dynamics of BPIV-3 hosts remain elusive. Hence, this study aimed to systematically analyze the codon usage bias of the BPIV-3 structural protein gene HN, and the roles of...

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Cattle
Codon
Codon Usage
Evolution, Molecular
Genetic Variation

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Selection, Genetic

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PMID: 41320254
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.25-0489
PMCID: PMC12950326

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GC

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 1 Sept 2026.

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