Oral and gut microbiota in gingivitis subtypes: a causal inference study using Mendelian randomization

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: The disruption of microbiota balance could be a pivotal factor in the complications arising from periodontal disease-induced inflammation outside the mouth. Nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether there is a direct causal relationship between the oral and gut microbiomes and gingivitis, especially in distinguishing between acute and chronic gingivitis. METHODS: We performed a two-sample Mendelian...

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