Article
Pathogenic mechanism of extracranial arteriovenous malformations: insights from clinical, pathological, and genetic analyses.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology - 1 May 2026
Hirose Katsutoshi, Hori Yumiko, Maruyama Kazuaki, Motooka Daisuke, Hata Kenji, Tahara Shinichiro, Matsui Takahiro, Nojima Satoshi, Kohara Masaharu, Imanaka-Yoshida Kyoko, Toyosawa Satoru, Morii Eiichi
Abstract excerpt
Extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare aggressive vascular malformations, and half of AVMs harbor mutations in the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway. AVMs consist of abnormal networks of small vessels formed between arteries and veins. Although the abnormal small-vessel networks are considered to cause AVM progression, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study elucidated the mechanisms...
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