Article
The spectrum of nuclear patterns with stained metaphase chromosome plate: morphology nuances, immunological associations, and clinical relevance
17 Jun 2025
Abstract excerpt
Abstract The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on HEp-2 cells is the prevailing method used to screen for autoantibodies in the investigation of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID). When positive, the titer provides a semi-quantitative assessment of the autoantibody serum concentration whereas the immunofluorescence pattern indicates the possible autoantibody specificities. The Brazilian Consensus on ANA...
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