Causal associations between Helicobacter Pylori infection and the risk and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Abstract excerpt

Background Increasing evidence suggests an association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its clinical manifestations, but the causal relationship remain largely unknown. Objective To investigate the causal relationship between HP infection and PD risk, PD symptoms, and secondary parkinsonism, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods We obtained...

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