Augmentation of tumor expression of HLA-DR, CXCL9, and CXCL10 may improve olfactory neuroblastoma immunotherapeutic responses

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignancy of the anterior skull base typically treated with surgery and adjuvant radiation. Although outcomes are fair for low-grade disease, patients with high-grade, recurrent, or metastatic disease oftentimes respond poorly to standard treatment methods. We hypothesized that an in-depth evaluation of the olfactory neuroblastoma tumor immune microenvironment would...

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