Controversies in Hypertension III: Dipping, Nocturnal Hypertension, and the Morning Surge.

Abstract excerpt

A comprehensive approach to hypertension requires out-of-office determinations by home or ambulatory monitoring. The 4 phenotypes comparing office and out-of-office pressures in treated and untreated patients include normotension, hypertension, white-coat phenomena, and masked phenomena. Components of out-of-office pressure may be equally as important as mean values. Nighttime pressures are normally 10%-20% lower...

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