Article
Atlanto-axial malformation and instability in dogs with pituitary dwarfism due to an LHX3 mutation.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine - 1 Jan 2015
Voorbij A M W Y, Meij B P, van Bruggen L W L, Grinwis G C M, Stassen Q E M, Kooistra H S
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Canine pituitary dwarfism or combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) in shepherd dogs is associated with an LHX3 mutation and can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations. Some dogs with CPHD have neurological signs that are localized to the cervical spine. In human CPHD, caused by an LHX3 mutation, anatomical abnormalities in the atlanto-axial (C1-C2) joint have been described....
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