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Article

Impaired cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder emptying incriminated in spontaneous "black" pigment gallstone formation in germfree Swiss Webster mice.

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology - 15 Feb 2015

Woods Stephanie E, Leonard Monika R, Hayden Joshua A, Brophy Megan Brunjes, Bernert Kara R, Lavoie Brigitte, Muthupalani Sureshkumar, Whary Mark T, Mawe Gary M, Nolan Elizabeth M, Carey Martin C, Fox James G

Abstract excerpt

"Black" pigment gallstones form in sterile gallbladder bile in the presence of excess bilirubin conjugates ("hyperbilirubinbilia") from ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, or induced enterohepatic cycling (EHC) of unconjugated bilirubin. Impaired gallbladder motility is a less well-studied risk factor. We evaluated the spontaneous occurrence of gallstones in adult germfree (GF) and conventionally housed...

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Identifiers

PMID: 25477375
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00314.2014
PMCID: PMC4329474

Genes

CCK

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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