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Article

Evidence for co-evolution of West Nile Virus and house sparrows in North America.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases - 1 Oct 2014

Duggal Nisha K, Bosco-Lauth Angela, Bowen Richard A, Wheeler Sarah S, Reisen William K, Felix Todd A, Mann Brian R, Romo Hannah, Swetnam Daniele M, Barrett Alan D T, Brault Aaron C

Abstract excerpt

West Nile virus (WNV) has been maintained in North America in enzootic cycles between mosquitoes and birds since it was first described in North America in 1999. House sparrows (HOSPs; Passer domesticus) are a highly competent host for WNV that have contributed to the rapid spread of WNV across the U.S.; however, their competence has been evaluated primarily using an early WNV strain (NY99) that is no longer...

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PMID: 25357248
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003262
PMCID: PMC4214623

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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