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Article

Opiate addiction and cocaine addiction: underlying molecular neurobiology and genetics.

The Journal of clinical investigation - 1 Oct 2012

Kreek Mary Jeanne, Levran Orna, Reed Brian, Schlussman Stefan D, Zhou Yan, Butelman Eduardo R

Abstract excerpt

Addictive diseases, including addiction to heroin, prescription opioids, or cocaine, pose massive personal and public health costs. Addictions are chronic relapsing diseases of the brain caused by drug-induced direct effects and persisting neuroadaptations at the epigenetic, mRNA, neuropeptide, neurotransmitter, or protein levels. These neuroadaptations, which can be specific to drug type, and their resultant...

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Identifiers

PMID: 23023708
DOI: 10.1172/JCI60390
PMCID: PMC3534165

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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