Article
A method for the determination of genetic sex in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, to support testing of endocrine-active chemicals.
Environmental science & technology - 1 Apr 2011
Olmstead Allen W, Villeneuve Daniel L, Ankley Gerald T, Cavallin Jenna E, Lindberg-Livingston Annelie, Wehmas Leah C, Degitz Sigmund J
Abstract excerpt
Certain endocrine-active toxicants have been reported to completely sex reverse both male and female individuals in amphibian, avian, fish, invertebrate, and reptile species, resulting in a phenotype indistinguishable from unaffected individuals. Detection of low-level sex reversal often requires large numbers of organisms to achieve the necessary statistical power, especially in those species with predominantly...
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