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HIV epidemiology in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia: dominance of HIV type 1 subtype A.

AIDS research and human retroviruses - 1 Nov 2006

Smolskaya Tatiana, Liitsola Kirsi, Zetterberg Veera, Golovanova Elena, Kevlova Natalia, Konovalova Nadezda, Sevastianova Ksenia, Brummer-Korvenkontio Henrikki, Salminen Mika

Abstract excerpt

A rapidly advancing epidemic of HIV-1 infection has been documented among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Russia. The Northwestern Federal District was the first of the seven Russian Federal Districts involved in a drug-related HIV epidemic through an outbreak in Kaliningrad in 1996. The Northwestern Federal District has a high HIV prevalence rate having reached 252 per 100,000 by the end of 2003, exceeding the...

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PMID: 17147492
DOI: 10.1089/aid.2006.22.1074

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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