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Article

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure: A Comparison of 2-Year-Old Children in Parental and Nonparental Care

1 Jul 2004

Abstract excerpt

Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and parental versus nonparental care on outcome at 2 years of age were examined. The sample included 83 cocaine-exposed and 63 nonexposed children and their caregivers; 49 and 34 of the cocaine-exposed children experienced parental and nonparental care, respectively. Prenatal drug exposure was not related directly to children's outcome at 2 years of age. However, compared with...

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Share to Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
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Identifiers

PMID: 15260878
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00739.x

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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