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Article

Endothelial cell phenotypes in the rheumatoid synovium: activated, angiogenic, apoptotic and leaky.

Arthritis research & therapy - 1 Jan 2004

Middleton Jim, Americh Laure, Gayon Regis, Julien Denis, Aguilar Luc, Amalric Francois, Girard Jean-Philippe

Abstract excerpt

Endothelial cells are active participants in chronic inflammatory diseases. These cells undergo phenotypic changes that can be characterised as activated, angiogenic, apoptotic and leaky. In the present review, these phenotypes are described in the context of human rheumatoid arthritis as the disease example. Endothelial cells become activated in rheumatoid arthritis pathophysiology, expressing adhesion molecules...

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Identifiers

PMID: 15059266
DOI: 10.1186/ar1156
PMCID: PMC400438

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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