Article
[Biological markers in epidemiology: concepts, applications, perspectives (part I)].
Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) - 1 Feb 2002
Hoffmann W, Latza U, Ahrens W, Greiser K H, Kroke A, Nieters A, Schulze M B, Steiner M, Terschüren C, Wjst M
Abstract excerpt
The inclusion of biomarkers in epidemiological research provides new possibilities for exposure assessment and the study of early structural or functional changes and pre-clinical stages of diseases. At the same time issues of validity, reliability, and quality control as well as logistics require special attention. Usually epidemiological studies become more expensive with regard to time and cost....
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