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Article

Average African American three-dimensional computed tomography skull images: the potential clinical importance of ethnicity and sex.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery - 1 Jul 1998

Dean D, Bookstein F L, Koneru S, Lee J H, Kamath J, Cutting C B, Hans M, Goldberg J

Abstract excerpt

The production of average 'normative' three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography surface images of the bony skull has only recently been explored. The authors wish to determine the effect of using sex- and ethnicity-specific adult average 3D skull images for comparisons with patient images at var...

Topics

Adolescent
Adult
Black People
Cephalometry
Female
Genetic Variation
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Reference Standards
Sex Characteristics
Skull

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

United States

White People

Black or African American

Source

Identifiers

PMID: 9780930
DOI: 10.1097/00001665-199807000-00011

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 30 Aug 2026. Prepared record publication-9780930-2026-08-30.1. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-08-30.1.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 30 Aug 2026.

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