Two melanin-deficient mutants of Harmonia axyridis exhibit distinct elytral carotenoid profiles compared to the wild type yet display similar stage-specific alterations.

Abstract excerpt

Harmonia axyridis is a well-known predatory ladybird beetle renowned for its high degree of elytral pattern polymorphism. The black and yellow-red complementary areas of elytra are respectively attributed to the deposition of melanin and carotenoid pigments, while the carotenoid profiles are likely to be affected by the phenotypic plasticity of dark spots. Here, using a goldenrod-colored mutant (named gr) and a...

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