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Genetic legacy and recent cross of two ancient lineages underlie the rebound of the world's rarest primate.

Science advances - 13 Feb 2026

Hou Xian, Pan Shengkai, Xu Jiliang, Hu Li, He Weiming, Liu Xin, Huang Siying, Gu Zhongru, Lin Zhenzhen, Chen Yangkang, Li Wei, Luo Tao, Zhao Xinrui, Dai Qingyan, Cao Peng, Liu Feng, Feng Xiaotian, Fu Qiaomei, Zhou Jiang, Wang Jinliang, Zhan Xiangjiang

Abstract excerpt

Despite a recent mass extinction, a few species have bounced back from the brink, but little is known about their intrinsic mechanisms. Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) feature a mysterious rebound, from ~13 individuals in 2003 to 42 currently. Using reliable genomic data from the fecal samples of 18 gibbons, generated through a systematically established pipeline, and from four museum specimens, our analyses...

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PMID: 41671364
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adw3298
PMCID: PMC12893321

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026.

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