Article
Global prevalence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in pigeons: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases - 1 Mar 2026
Mahdavi Farzad, Mamizadeh Mina, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Pouryousef Ali, Sgroi Giovanni, Asghari Ali, Shadfar Fariba
Abstract excerpt
Cryptosporidium spp. are globally important protozoan pathogens infecting many vertebrates, including birds. Pigeons, which live in close contact with humans, may contribute to environmental contamination and zoonotic transmission, yet their infection patterns have not been comprehensively reviewed. We conducted a systematic search of international databases from inception to November 25, 2025, identifying 52...
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