Emergence and characterization of historically extinct virulent genotype IV Newcastle disease virus in wild and domestic birds: genetic insights, pathogenicity, and vaccine efficacy.

Abstract excerpt

Class II genotype IV Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a historically virulent strain responsible for the first Newcastle disease (ND) panzootic from the 1940s to 1960s, was presumed extinct after its last reported isolate in India in 2000. Here, we report the emergence of four virulent genotype IV NDV isolates from 6,731 wild birds and domestic poultry across nine provinces of China between 2021 and 2023,...

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