Article
Subtle stressors—Strong responses. Consistent negative effects of avian blood parasites on phenotypic and demographic traits across songbirds
12 Jul 2025
Abstract excerpt
Stressors that subtly yet persistently deplete energetic resources-such as heat, pollutants or parasites-are well studied in laboratory and clinical settings, where their physiological effects are often well understood, yet their influence on phenotypic and demographic traits in free-living populations remains critically understudied. A prominent example is pathogens and parasites that cause sublethal infections,...
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