Article
A spatial perspective on flowering in cauliflorous cacao: architecture defines flower cushion location, not its early activity.
Annals of botany - 12 Sept 2025
Wibaux Thomas, Lauri Pierre-Éric, M'Bo Kacou Antoine Alban, Pondo Kouakou Olsen, Vezy Rémi
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Theobroma cacao L., a tropical sciaphilous tree, exhibits cauliflory, with persistent flowering sites known as flower cushions. Cushions develop from floral buds located at the axils of leaves or cataphylls. They can sustain recurrent flowering and contribute to the fruit production of the tree throughout its lifespan. However, factors influencing their formation and flowering activity remain...
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