Article
Genetic and environmental contributions to the development of soft tissue facial profile: a twin study.
European journal of orthodontics - 1 Oct 2024
Giri Jamal, Bockmann Michelle, Brook Alan, Gurr Angela, Hughes Toby
Abstract excerpt
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the phenotypic variation of the soft tissue facial profile during the mixed dentition and the permanent dentition stages. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, standardized facial profile photographs of 139 twin pairs (55 monozygotic and 84 dizygotic) were obtained from archival records at the...
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