Investigating causal associations among gut microbiota, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and gestational diabetes mellitus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Abstract excerpt

Background: Previous studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) and gut microbiota-derived metabolites are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the causal associations need to be treated with caution due to confounding factors and reverse causation. Methods: This study obtained genetic variants from genome-wide association study including GM (N = 18,340), GM-derived metabolites (N =...

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