Article
How much better are females? The occurrence of female advantage, its proximal causes and its variation within and among gynodioecious species.
Annals of botany - 1 Feb 2012
Dufay Mathilde, Billard Emmanuelle
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Gynodioecy is a reproductive system of interest for evolutionary biologists, as it poses the question of how females can be maintained while competing with hermaphrodites that possess both male and female functions. One necessary condition for the maintenance of this polymorphism is the occurrence of a female advantage, i.e. a better seed production or quality by females compared with hermaphrodites....
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