Alpine biogeography of Parnassian butterflies during Quaternary climate cycles in North America.

Abstract excerpt

Growth of alpine glaciers during the Pleistocene had profound effects on montane landscapes in North America and the organisms now inhabiting alpine ecosystems. Biogeography of this region has often been viewed as a system of sky islands despite the fact that species richness patterns deviate from a strict island biogeographic model. One explanation is that alpine species are not in equilibrium because of late...

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• Butterflies
• Climate
• DNA, Mitochondrial
• Evolution, Molecular
• Gene Flow
• Genetics, Population