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Article

Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms.

Nature reviews. Microbiology - 1 Mar 2008

Stewart Philip S, Franklin Michael J

Abstract excerpt

Biofilms contain bacterial cells that are in a wide range of physiological states. Within a biofilm population, cells with diverse genotypes and phenotypes that express distinct metabolic pathways, stress responses and other specific biological activities are juxtaposed. The mechanisms that contribute to this genetic and physiological heterogeneity include microscale chemical gradients, adaptation to local...

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PMID: 18264116
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro1838

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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