[Genetic causes of mental retardation].

Abstract excerpt

Mental retardation (MR) is defined as congenital or early onset lifelong impairment of cognitive and adaptive functioning (IQ < 70). It effects approximately 3% of the Western population. The causes are heterogenous. Numerical or structural chromosome abnormalities are responsible for 10-20% of the mild cases (MMR) and 40% of the severe cases (SMR). Among them Down syndrome represents the most frequent chromosome...

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