Article
Genotype and subtype analyses of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and possible co-infection of HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) or hepatitis D virus (HDV) in blood donors, patients with chronic liver disease and patients on hemodialysis in Surabaya, Indonesia.
Microbiology and immunology - 1 Jan 2003
Lusida Maria I, Surayah, Sakugawa Hiroshi, Nagano-Fujii Motoko, Soetjipto, Mulyanto, Handajani Retno, Boediwarsono, Setiawan Poernomo B, Nidom Chairul A, Ohgimoto Shinji, Hotta Hak
Abstract excerpt
Four subtypes (adw, adr, ayw, and ayr ) and eight genotypes (A to H) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been identified. They appear to be associated with particular geographic distribution, ethnicity, and possibly clinical outcomes. In this study, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtyping and HBV genotyping were carried out on sera obtained from HBsAg-positive HBV carriers, including healthy blood donors;...
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