Article
Expression of cytokine and chemokine genes by human middle ear epithelial cells induced by influenza A virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae opacity variants.
Infection and immunity - 1 Aug 2003
Tong H H, Long J P, Shannon P A, DeMaria T F
Abstract excerpt
Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the ability of influenza A virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae opacity variants, either alone or in combination, to induce cytokine and chemokine genes in primary cultures of human middle ear epithelial (HMEE) cells. Following treatment with influenza A virus, the induction of gene expression, which occurred in a dose- and time-dependent...
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