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Article

Vestigial organs as opportunities for functional innovation: the example of the Penstemon staminode.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution - 1 Mar 2001

Walker-Larsen J, Harder L D

Abstract excerpt

Vestigial organs arise commonly during morphological evolution, but they need not be destined for elimination. Instead, vestigial organs may facilitate functional innovation because their freedom from functional constraints allows them to assume novel roles that their functional progenitor could...

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PMID: 11327156
DOI: 10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[0477:voaoff]2.0.co;2

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 2 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-11327156-2026-09-02.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-02.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 2 Sept 2026.

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